T21
“A Theory of Justice” by John Rawls, at Fifty-Two
By Catherine Audard and Michel Forsé. Our article written for the half-century anniversary of Rawls’ A Theory of Justice is now available for free on Project MUSE. Throughout 2021, numerous […]
MoreAprès moi …
As he has done in previous regime crises, Emmanuel Macron is again promising a “new method” of governing. Unfortunately, nobody is listening, and a new “listening tour” is not likely […]
MoreAUKUS, the Macron doctrine, and the return of American hegemony – Revue de Presse, 19 March 2023
When the ‘AUKUS’ deal was announced in September 2021, it was met with a mixture of outrage and scepticism in Paris. Although Australia’s decision to renege on its €31 billion […]
MoreTout ça pour ça
It came down to the wire, and in the end the president simply did not have the votes. Nor did he have enough arm-twisting clout to persuade the fence-sitters whose […]
MoreCities in Politics – Revue de Presse, 5 March 2023
Let’s talk about cities. This week was a pivotal one for the narrative of the American city with the unexpected fall of Chicago Mayor Lori Lightfoot. The story, which […]
MoreWho is Adam Smith?
Review: Glory M. Liu, Adam Smith’s America (Princeton University Press, 2022) Adam Smith was born in 1723 in Kirkcaldy, Scotland, a small market town near Edinburgh. A life-long bachelor, Smith […]
MoreArt Goldhammer on Ukraine – Revue de Presse, 27 February 2023
Dear Reader, With an eye on the recent one year anniversary of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Tocqueville 21 begins its coverage with a special press review penned by Arthur Goldhammer. […]
MoreAuthor Response: Constructing Europe and Defending Empire
**This is the author’s response in our book forum on Megan Brown’s The Seventh Member State: Algeria, France, and the European Community. This week, we have published four reviews of […]
MoreWas Europe Ever The Dream?
** This is the fourth in a series of four reviews of Megan Brown’s The Seventh Member State: Algeria, France, and the European Community. Previous reviews include: 1. When Algeria Was […]
MoreInclusion, Exclusion: Algeria and the Making of Europe
** This is the third in a series of four reviews of Megan Brown’s The Seventh Member State: Algeria, France, and the European Community. Previous reviews include: 1. When Algeria Was […]
MoreThe Last Dreams of Empire
**This is the second in a series of four reviews of Megan Brown’s The Seventh Member State: Algeria, France, and the European Community. Previous reviews include: 1. When Algeria Was Europe? […]
MoreMacronism: The Endgame
Emmanuel Macron came to power as an ambitious young visionary who (rightly) divined a concentration of force in the center of the political spectrum–a force that supposedly relegated to the […]
MoreWhen Algeria Was Europe?
** This is the first in a series of four reviews of Megan Brown’s The Seventh Member State: Algeria, France, and the European Community. Each day this week one review […]
MoreA modern Thoreau? Orwell and the politics of nature
Review: Rebecca Solnit, Orwell’s Roses (Penguin Random House) “In the spring of 1936, a writer planted roses.” Thus begins Rebecca Solnit’s Orwell’s Roses. Six other chapters in this quirky work […]
MoreBombs and Books: Franco-Algerian Collaboration and the Reconstruction of the Bibliothèque Nationale d’Algérie
Around midday on June 7, 1962, residents of Algeria’s capital city watched smoke rise above the buildings in Alger-Centre, near the port. Nearly three months after the signing of a […]
MoreLula et la Bourse de valeurs de Kiev !
Après avoir fait face à des menaces de toutes sortes culminant avec l’invasion des palais de la « Place des trois pouvoirs » conçu par Oscar Niemeyer, le gouvernement Lula […]
MoreStrategic Decorum
Marine Le Pen’s Rassemblement National has stormed the French National Assembly with a politeness offensive, adopting unaccustomed decorum as a strategic weapon. Meanwhile, La France Insoumise, true to its moniker, […]
MoreTocqueville 21 Podcast: The Ukraine War, Europe, and Civic Duty with Alexis Carré
Tocqueville 21 · The Ukraine War, Europe, and Civic Duty with Alexis Carré Welcome back to the Tocqueville 21 Podcast for our first episode of 2023! This week, I sat […]
MoreCCDS EVENT: The Democratic Prince – Christopher Meckstroth
On Monday February 13th, the Center for Critical Democracy Studies will be hosting a presentation by Professor Christopher Heckstroth (University of Cambridge) titled The Democratic Prince: A Realist Theory of […]
MoreTenacity, optimism, and the fight for equal rights
Review: Martha Jones, Vanguard: How Black Women Broke Barriers, Won the Vote, and Insisted on Equality for All (Basic Books) In their relentless quest for full equality in the United […]
MoreThe Failed Attempt to Make US Foreign Policy a Kitchen Table Issue
In his famous survey of the United States, Alexis de Tocqueville wondered what effect democratic politics might have on the new nation. Specifically, he worried about democracy’s influence on foreign […]
MoreL’énigme de la démocratie au Brésil
« Perdeu mané … »* « Un fascisme sans tradition est inconcevable» —Pier Paolo Pasolini, Petrolio Le 15 novembre 2022, un ministre de la Cour suprême brésilienne, harcelé dans les […]
MoreCapital without capitalism?
Review: Michael Sonenscher, ‘Capitalism: The Story behind the Word’, (Princeton University Press, 2022) Before what we now call ‘capitalism’, there were commercial societies founded upon the division of labour, […]
MoreThe Anti-Reform Mobilization: Impressive, but to What Effect?
Today’s mobilization against the government pension reform proposal was massive: 1.2 to 2 million people in the streets, public transport disrupted, schools and factories closed, etc. But the demonstrations remained […]
MoreThe Democracy of the Spectacle
My article on “The Democracy of the Spectacle” is freely available here. This is part of the Tocqueville Review‘s tribute to Olivier Zunz, with whom I collaborated on several Tocqueville […]
MoreDoes the NUPES have a future?
The evolving French Left has reached a curious juncture. Olivier Faure, who staked his and the Socialist Party’s future on a risky alliance with the mercurial Jean-Luc Mélenchon, appears to […]
MoreNew Issue: ‘The Tocqueville Review’ | ‘La revue Tocqueville’
Civil Institutions and Democratic Life in the United States In Honor of Olivier Zunz. Published in the fall of 2022, the latest issue of The Tocqueville Review is now available online. (Vol. […]
MoreThe Curse of the French Presidency
So great is the presumed power of the French presidency that every mere mortal who has filled the post–sat in Jupiter’s seat, as it were–has left it diminished. A president […]
MoreInterview ABC avec Monique Canto-Sperber
Cette interview est la sixième de notre série ABC publiée sur notre site. Dans chaque entretien, nous posons trois questions : La première sur l’intention de l’auteur (A = Auteur) […]
MoreRishi Sunak may be measured on terms set by a former PM
After all the drama and derision of the UK’s political shenanigans over the last few months, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak may well be measured on terms determined by a former […]
MoreSo Much in Common, So Little Common Ground
Review: Kei Hiruta, Hannah Arendt & Isaiah Berlin: Freedom, Politics, and Humanity (Princeton University Press) Hannah Arendt (1906-1975) and Isaiah Berlin (1909-1997), two of the 20th century’s most […]
MoreFULL BOOK FORUM: Black France, White Europe – Emily Marker
**Last week we published a book forum on Emily Marker’s Black France, White Europe: Youth, Race, and Belonging in the Postwar Era, with four reviews of Marker’s book and an […]
MoreAuthor’s Response: Black France, White Europe (Emily Marker)
**This is the author’s response in our book forum on Emily Marker’s Black France, White Europe” Youth, Race, and Belonging in the Postwar Era. This week, we have published four […]
MoreEntangled Histories of African Decolonization
**This is the fourth and final review in our forum on Emily Marker’s Black France, White Europe” Youth, Race, and Belonging in the Postwar Era. Previous reviews include: 1. The […]
MoreYouth and the Contradictory Construction of Europe and Africa
**This is the third in a series of four reviews of Emily Marker’s Black France, White Europe” Youth, Race, and Belonging in the Postwar Era. Previous reviews include: 1. The […]
MoreHesitation Waltz on Pension Reform
Pension reform: the perpetual big enchilada of French political life for the past 30 years. Yet another round was to have been the centerpiece of Macron’s second term, first scheduled […]
MoreThe Colonial Roots of the Idea of a Colorblind France
** This is the first in a series of four reviews of Emily Marker’s Black France, White Europe” Youth, Race, and Belonging in the Postwar Era. Each day this week […]
MoreImagining Europe from the Interstices
** This is the second in a series of four reviews of Emily Marker’s Black France, White Europe” Youth, Race, and Belonging in the Postwar Era. Each day this week […]
MoreRevue de presse – December 12, 2022
At The New Republic this week, they have a series of essays on America in 2050. “Will the United States still be one nation? Should it be?” they ask. Matthew […]
MoreA Fatal Turn
Les Républicains have chosen their new leader: Eric Ciotti. After Valérie Pécresse’s flameout in the presidential election, the choice was no doubt inevitable. It is nevertheless dismaying to have the […]
MoreWill Putsch Come to Shove?
La France Insoumise awoke today to a new leadership, designated by itself without internal debate. Debates and votes are after all such messy affairs, and there’s always the danger that […]
MoreTocqueville 21 Podcast: Democracy in the United States and the 2022 Midterms with Pascale Siegel
Tocqueville 21 · Democracy in the United States and the 2022 Midterms with Pascale Siegel Season’s Greetings, and welcome back to the Tocqueville 21 Podcast. Today we discuss US politics, […]
MoreMacron Visits the United States
Emmanuel Macron is back in the United States for his second state visit. This time there will be no presidential arm-wrestling or lint-picking, and the speculation will not focus on […]
MoreNations of the World Meet on the Pitch and at the Summit – Revue de Presse 28 Novembre 2022
As Americans celebrate Thanksgiving, their turkey and mashed potatoes are normally accompanied by much-anticipated football games. American football, that is. But this Thursday, the game that the rest of the […]
MoreAmerican Christianity—Ecumenical Liberals and Political Evangelicals
Review: David A. Hollinger, Christianity’s American Fate: How Religion Became More Conservative and Society More Secular (Princeton University Press, 2022) Although it comprises fewer than 200 pages, David A. Hollinger’s […]
MoreA New Form of Autocracy?
Review: Moisé Naím, The Revenge of Power: How Autocrats Are Reinventing Politics for the 21st Century (St. Martin’s Press) Less than a week before the recent mid-term elections in […]
MoreABC Interview: Jason Frank on “The Democratic Sublime”
In our ABC interviews, we ask an author of a newly published book only three questions: about themselves and their intellectual trajectory (A = Author), about the book’s thesis (B […]
MoreAuthor’s Response: New Democracy and the De-Democratization of American Law and History
** This is the author’s response to a series of four reviews of William Novak’s recently published book New Democracy: The Creation of the Modern American State. 1. The Limitless […]
MoreThe Progressive State, New Democracy, and the Elision of Race
** This is the fourth in a series of four reviews of William Novak’s recently published book New Democracy: The Creation of the Modern American State. 1. The Limitless Possibilities […]
MoreThe History and Myth of American Democracy
** This is the third in a series of four reviews of William Novak’s recently published book New Democracy: The Creation of the Modern American State. 1. The Limitless Possibilities […]
MoreÉtat et démocratie aux Etats-Unis
** Ceci est la deuxième critique du livre New Democracy par William Novak. Elle est la seule en français. Les autres sont rédigées en anglais. This is the second in […]
MoreThe Limitless Possibilities of the Long Progressive Era’s New Democracy
** This is the first in a series of four reviews of William Novak’s recently published book New Democracy: The Creation of the Modern American State. Each day this week […]
MoreThe Gordian Knot of American politics – Revue de Presse 14 Novembre 2022
After months of pessimism, the results of Tuesday’s midterm elections were received by Democrats as an extraordinary moment of hope. The much prophesied ‘red wave’, which had appeared so vast […]
MoreTocqueville 21 Podcast: China and the CCP with Adam Ni
Tocqueville 21 · China and the CCP with Adam Ni When it comes to the media and industry commentary surrounding Chinese politics, “Complexity is not a compelling narrative”. This is […]
MoreUS Midterms 2022: Trumped Up Ambitions
Four years ago, the founder of Tocqueville 21, Editor Emeritus Jacob Hamburger, mused on the 2018 midterm elections and the evaporation of a much-anticipated blue wave. It would seem […]
MoreThe End of an Era: Twitter and the Midterms
In tomorrow’s midterm elections, I will vote in person for the first time since 2008. For the past decade and a half, I lived abroad in several countries in Africa […]
MoreAsia Vu – Revue de Presse, 7 November 2022
Why are we talking so much about Germany? Yes, there’s the German perspective on the Ukraine war – and the Zeitenwende, a “sea change”, with a fundamental altering of Germany’s […]
MoreRestitution and the legacy of empire
Review: Dan Hicks, The Brutish Museums: The Benin Bronzes, Colonial Violence and Cultural Restitution (Pluto Press), and Bénédicte Savoy, Africa’s Struggle for Its Art: History of a Postcolonial Defeat, translated […]
MoreABC Interview: Jozef Pilsudski (Joshua Zimmerman)
In our ABC interviews, we ask an author of a newly published book only three questions: about themselves and their intellectual trajectory (A = Author), about the book’s thesis (B […]
MoreJe t’aime moi non plus
Emmanuel Macron staked out a claim to the political center without ever calling it that. “Ni droite ni gauche” pointed to a centrist position but avoided any suggestion that it […]
MoreChronique d’Angleterre
Revue de Presse « Une nation qui ne demande à son gouvernement que le maintien de l’ordre est déjà esclave au fond du cœur ; elle est esclave de son bien-être […]
MoreCCDS EVENT: Book Launch “Contesting Cosmopolitan Europe” – Umut Korkut (TODAY, 13H)
On Friday, October 14th, the Center for Critical Democracy Studies will be hosting a book launch for Professor Umut Korkut’s (Glasgow Caledonian University) new co-edited volume with Professor James […]
MoreGaspard Koenig : « Porter un message libéral aujourd’hui est antinomique avec nos institutions présidentielles »
Philosophe, enseignant à Sciences Po, fondateur du Think Tank GenerationLibre, Gaspard Koenig est un intellectuel engagé qui a écrit une quinzaine d’ouvrages. Il est notamment l’auteur de Liber, un […]
MoreMusk and West, Inc.
Elon Musk’s newfound sympathy with Putin’s war aims and his alleged contact with the Russian dictator; Kanye West’s antisemitic outburst; Musk’s warm welcome of West back to Twitter.—All of these […]
MoreOctobre tonnerre, vendanges prospères ?
Revue de Presse: « C’était tous les jours tempête. » Voici une expression qui saisit bien l’actualité internationale du mois passé, et que l’on doit à l’écrivain Jérôme Garcin. Premier […]
MoreAfter the Romanovs: Russian Exiles in Paris
A book review of Helen Rappaport’s After the Romanovs: Russian Exiles in Paris From the Belle Epoque Through Revolution and War (St. Martin’s Press, 2022). Paris is “full of Russians […]
MoreThe ABCs of “Benjamin Constant” (Léonard Burnand)
Cette interview ABC est la quatrième — mais la première publiée en français — sur notre site. D’autres interviews dans cette série comprennent The Politics of Imperial Memory in France, […]
MoreLe Carnage Européen – Revue de Presse, 25 Septembre 2022
Winter is coming, certes. Mais cette semaine en Europe, et depuis l’invasion de l’Ukraine, tout semble prendre feu. Dans l’Est, Vladimir Poutine renouvelle son assaut contre l’Ukraine en annonçant […]
MoreDoes France Still Have a Party System?
The 2022 presidential election marked the end of France’s old party system. The former mainstream parties of the right and the left garnered less than 10 percent of the vote […]
MoreTocqueville and Property-Owning Democracy
There are few genealogies of “property-owning democracy.”[1] This is a remarkable fact. In Britain and the United States competing visions of the idea have exerted a profound influence over both […]
MoreWhat is the Role of History in the Study and Practice of Grand Strategic Thought?
Elizabeth Borgwardt, Christopher McKnight Nichols, and Andrew Preston (eds.), Rethinking American Grand Strategy (Oxford University Press, 2021) Late in the year 1906, a senior official in the British Foreign Office […]
MoreThe ABCs of “Working Democracies: Managing Inequality in Worker Cooperatives” (Joan S. M. Meyers)
This is the third of T21’s ABC short interview. Earlier ABC interviews include Christina B. Carroll on The Politics of Imperial Memory in France, 1850-1900 and Ester da Costa Meyer […]
MoreThe Chancellor
This is a book review of Kati Marton’s The Chancellor: The Remarkable Odyssey of Angela Merkel (Simon & Schuster, 2021). Many can plausibly claim to have had a hand in […]
MoreIs the French Revolution over?
This is a book review of Marcel Gauchet’s Robespierre: The Man Who Divides us the Most (Princeton University Press, 2022) The name Robespierre still haunts the memory of the French […]
MoreRobespierre and Democracy: Four Perspectives
Robespierre and Democracy: Four Perspectives It is just over two hundred and twenty eight years since Maximilien Robespierre fell from power. And yet Robespierre still has the capacity to incite […]
MoreThe ABCs of “Dividing Paris: Urban Renewal and Social Inequality, 1852–1870” (Esther da Costa Meyer)
This is the second ABCs short interview at T21. Our first was earlier this month with Christina B. Carroll about her new book The Politics of Imperial Memory in France, […]
MoreOf Fear and Strangers: A History of Xenophobia – Review
A review of George Makari’s Of Fear and Strangers: A History of Xenophobia (W.W. Norton and Company, 2021). The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines “xenophobia” as a “fear and hatred of […]
MoreFULL BOOK FORUM: The Man Who Understood Democracy (Olivier Zunz)
** The past two weeks, we have published four reviews of Olivier Zunz’s new biography of Alexis de Tocqueville—two in French, two in English—followed by a response by Zunz. The […]
MoreAuthor’s Response: The Man Who Understood Democracy (Olivier Zunz)
**This is the author’s response to a series of four reviews – two in French and two in English – of Olivier Zunz’s The Man Who Understood Democracy. Last week, we […]
MoreThe Maimonides of Democracy
**This is the last of four reviews of Olivier Zunz’s The Man Who Understood Democracy. Last week, we published the first review: “Voyage dans les arcanes de la pensée Tocquevillienne” […]
MoreTocqueville : Penseur et acteur de la démocratie
** Cette recension est la troisième d’une série de quatre critiques de la nouvelle biographie d’Alexis de Tocqueville de l’historien Olivier Zunz. La semaine dernière nous avons publié la recension […]
MoreThe Limits of Tocqueville’s Understanding
** This is the second of four reviews of Olivier Zunz’s The Man Who Understood Democracy. Yesterday, we published the first review: “Voyage dans les arcanes de la pensée Tocquevillienne” […]
MoreVoyage dans les arcanes de la pensée Tocquevillienne
** Cette recension est la première d’une série de quatre critiques—deux en français, deux en anglais—de la nouvelle biographie de Alexis de Tocqueville de l’historien Olivier Zunz, suivi par la […]
MoreThe Long View on Public Funding of Religious Schools
At Notre Dame, where I teach history and serve as provost, students use Pell grants to offset tuition payments. Biologists pay for microscopes through Indirect costs from National Institute of […]
MoreThe Rise and Fall of Self-Determination – Book Review
A book review of Adom Getachew’s Worldmaking after Empire: The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination (Princeton University Press, 2019.) As World War II ended, European colonial empires of the 19th […]
MoreThe ABCs of “The Politics of Imperial Memory in France, 1850-1900” (Christina B. Carroll)
This is the first in what we hope will be a long series of very short interviews with authors about their books. We ask each author only three questions: about […]
MoreSocial Media and the Political Theory of Passions
Of all the great political thinkers, few were as attentive to means of communication as Alexis de Tocqueville. One of the many things that amazed the young French diplomat […]
MoreMacron Speaks
The president finally reacted to the results of Sunday’s election. His speech was short and largely devoid of content. Although the posture was confident, the prescriptions were vague: “Ma seule […]
MoreOn the Legislative Elections
I’ve published an article in The American Prospect on the legislative elections.
MoreMichel Winock : « Le gouvernement devra faire preuve de beaucoup d’habileté parlementaire »
Historien, spécialiste de l’histoire politique et intellectuelle de la France contemporaine, professeur émérite des universités à l’Institut d’études politique de Paris, Michel Winock a écrit une quarantaine d’ouvrages. Il est […]
MoreAnd the Winner is: Ni Droite, Ni Gauche, mais Extrême Droite
Although the definitive results are not yet in, one thing is already clear: President Macron has suffered a major defeat, while Jean-Luc Mélenchon has fallen considerably short of the goal […]
MoreAn Optimistic Scenario
Yesterday I wrote that a) la NUPES would not win a majority in the legislature but b) would win enough votes to deprive Macron of an absolute majority, and that […]
MoreRaymond Geuss Does Not Think Like a Liberal.
Raymond Geuss Does Not Think Like a Liberal. Reading Raymond Geuss’s Philosophy and Real Politics a couple years ago was like a breath of fresh air. Geuss was writing […]
MoreA Generational Divide
The rise of la NUPES has sharpened the generational divide in French politics. Le Monde reports that an IPSOS-Sopra Steria poll conducted before the first round shows Macron’s Ensemble! taking […]
MoreDéferlement ou Ressac?
The first round of the legislative elections yielded inconclusive results. The so-called “presidential” party, now named Ensemble!, could end up with a slim majority, but then again it may not. […]
MoreCounterculture and Discourse in the Online Age
Elon Musk loves twitter. He is a committed twitter user. He loves it so much that he is trying to own it. What he is not, I would contend, […]
MoreThe Green Machine
No, I’m not referring to the Boston Celtics. By “green machine” I mean the coalition of forces responsible for several important votes in the European Parliament today. MEPs rejected several […]
MoreThe Strangest Campaign
This year’s legislative campaign, which will culminate on Sunday in the first of two electoral rounds, is perhaps the strangest I have witnessed in more than half a century of […]
MoreHistoric Non-Compromise?
When you’re wrong, it’s best to fess up. I said that la NUPES would be lucky to get 100 seats. Current projections have the Mélenchonistas gaining 195-230 seats! Macron’s Ensemble […]
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